Category Posts
Continuing from the previous article:- Origin of the Universe | Vedic Conception | 101; Fossil is preserved remains of animals or plants. The remains of an animal or plant present from an earlier era inside a rock or other geologic deposit, often as an impression or in petrified state. Fossils help scientists to understand how life on the earth grew from a few tiny living things to the great variety we know today. This fossilized ichthyosaurus was found in Germany and dates from the early Jurassic Period, about 185 million years ago. Before 3400 million years ago, in the pre Cambriaonic period prokaryotes and single called micro-organisms were able to photosynthesize, which produce oxygen. 1000 years after soft bodied jellyfish, corals and sea-worms were found before the beginning of Devonian period. Fossils make it possible to estimate the time period when the rocks and the fossils associated with them were formed. The oldest known animal fossil, about 700 million years old, small worm like creatures with soft bodies. Flood Legends of Western Country:- Like that of Puranic flood legend, history of many western countries stated the flood legends happened to dissolute the world and recreate the new world from the water. Here some important historical western flood legends are discussed in brief to show the one and same principle in the origin of the earth from the flood water and the history of development of the geology. Biblical reference – [Babylonian history] In Biblical genesis describes the well- known story of the creation of the world. It states that ‘in the beginning, god created the heaven and the earth. The earth was not formed and empty, the darkness covered the abyss and the spirit of god blew over the water. These last words suggest that the earth originally passed through a state of aqueous liquidity. The work of creation was completed in six days in which on first day the light is created. Throughout the Bible the transcendent god is referred by the sign of light. Where as in firstly the sun is created. There were 30 million species on board while creationists estimate some 16,000 to 30,000 population founders on board Noah’s ark. Perhaps the second most important historical account of a global flood can be found in a Babylonian flood story in the Epic of Gilgamesh. When the Biblical and Babylonian accounts are compared, a number of outstanding similarities are found that leave no doubt these stories are rooted in the same event or oral tradition. Some geologists believe that quite dramatic, unusually great flooding of rivers in the distant past might have influenced the legends. A news article from National Geographic News February 2009 reported that the flooding might have been quite mild. K. A. Von Zittel explains the ancient stories of creation on the basis of Babylonian and Jewish accounts. Alexander [611 B.C.] states an infinite all pervading primeval substance posses in an inherent power of movement from the first. He also explains that the earth rested in the center of the whole universe and human beings were at first fish like in forms consisted with the semi fluid state of their environment. According to Plato [427 B.C.] the universe is the production of divine intelligence and of the necessary development of nature. A great philosopher and of Greek Aristotle remarked that the universe is divided into an earthly and heavenly half while the four elements – earth, water, air and fire compose the earth and the planets.This concept is similar to Pañcatanmatras. John Woodward described that fossils represented past faunas and floras and he supposed these remains to have been carried to their present position in the earth by a universal flood, the deluge of Scriptures. He also concludes that before the flood, the earth’s surface conformation had been similar to that which we now know. A study of cores of sediments found in the bottom of Gulf of Mexico has shown the evidence of a vast flood of fresh water into the Gulf of Mexico. It clearly shows that there was a major period of flooding from 12,000 to 10,000 years ago. There was no question that there was a flood and there is no question that it was a universal flood. All above discussed opinions proves the basic concepts of origin of earth, described in Puranas, is same with ancient geologist of western countries. Modern geological researchers support to the theory of occurrences of floods and devastation of the land by the erosion of the sea as in Western Asia, Southern India and other parts of the world. Traditionally in the world every country has same version of flood or the flood legends. According to the chronological table drawn up by the Pavan chronicler in 265 B.C. the deluge is said to be dated in the year 1539 B.C.41 Diksitar points out to view that Indus people must have migrated to Elam, Tunis, Babylon and even to the Egypt. About this migration there are two opinions that one is the migration of the culture must have been from the Indian home rather than the other way about. Second one is there is evidence of pottery. It may be happened that the Sumerians took with them the Indian Potter’s art from Sind. According to Diksitar, if this assumption of migration from India be correct, the Vedic legends as seen in SB, was the origin of other flood legends. According to Hindu literary tradition the flood legends of western countries were partial deluge and not a Mahapralaya which enveloped all the words. Development of Matsya:- According to geological time scale before 540 million years ago evolution of chordates occurs in cambrianoic period. In this period fishes are diversified maximum up to Devonian period to this period and this is known as the age of fishes. Armored limbless fishes are called as Ostracoderms. They have no genes and gill slits are used for respiration. These are the first vertebrates having a backbone or spinal column. […]
Mathomathis would like to present an article written by T.L.Subash Chandira Bose on “Who am I”. Note that, there are many articles that would be circulating on the similar discussion, henceforth mathomathis would not like to generate any conclusion by comparing articles that are written by various research scholars across the globe. Mathomathis would just like to present an article written by author T.L.Subash Chandira Bose to our readers. Readers are indeed free to comment or ask questions on the same. At certain stage each and every human being asked a question in the past, asking now and will ask in future i.e., who am I? and search for the correct answers. The answers are given in a form of symbol (Sogam) on Indus seals. The symbol Sogam reveals an interesting Vedantham philosophy. According Thamizh dictionary; Sogam means all the souls (life) and Supreme soul is one and the same and Vedantham means Upanishad and end of knowledge. According to swami Vivekananda the Upanishads are attributed to 5000 years before. The whole of the Vedaantha philosophy is in a story of two birds living on a same tree. Swami Vivekananda describes the Vedantha as a story in his translation work on Mundaka Upanishad pages 38-41; 2006, Published by Advaida Ashrama, Kolkata-700 014 Upon the same tree there are two birds, one on the top, the other below. The bird on the top is calm, silent and majestic, immersed in his own glory; the bird on the lower branches, eating sweet and bitter fruits by turn, hopping from branch to branch, is becoming happy and miserable by turns. After a time the lower bird eats an exceptionally bitter fruit and gets disgusted and looks up and see the other bird, that wondrous one of golden plumage, who eats neither sweet nor bitter fruits, who is neither happy nor miserable, but calm and who sees nothing beyond his self. The lower bird longs for this condition, thinking, “How I would love to be like him!” and hops a little way towards him. Soon he forgets all about his desire to be like the upper bird and begins to eat the fruits. After little while he eats another exceptionally bitter fruit, which makes him feel miserable, and he again looks up and tried to get nearer to the upper bird. Once more he forgets and after a time he looks up and so on he goes again and again, until he comes very near to the beautiful bird. He sees the reflection on light from upper bird’s plumage playing around his own body. He feels a change and seems to melt away. Still nearer he comes and everything about him melts away and at last he understands this wonderful change. The lower bird was, as it were, only the substantial looking shadow, the reflection of the higher; he himself was in essence the upper bird all the time. This eating of fruits, sweet and bitter, this lower, little bird, weeping and happy by turns, was a vain Chimera, a dream: all along, the real bird was there above, calm and silent, glorious and majestic, beyond grief, beyond sorrow. The upper bird is God, the Lord of universe; and the lower bird is human soul (mind and Pranan), eating the sweet and bitter fruits of this world. The human soul knows that it is weak and small and tells all sorts of lies. It says it is a woman or it is a man. It says it will do good or do bad; it will go to heaven and will do a hundred sorts of things. In delirium it talks and works, and the central idea of its delirium is that it is weak. Thus it suffers because it thinks it is nobody. It is a created little being. It is a slave. It is governed by some god or gods, and so is unhappy. Now and then comes heavy blow to the soul. For a time, it stops the eating and goes towards unknown God, and a flood of light comes. It thinks that this world is a vain show. But again senses drag it down, and it begins as before to eat the sweet and bitter fruits of the world. Again an exceptionally hard blow comes. Its heart becomes open again to divine light. Thus gradually it approaches God, and as it gets nearer and nearer, it finds its old self melting away. It finds that its individuality – it’s low, vulgar, intensely, selfish individuality –is melting away. When it has comes near enough, it sees that it is no other than God, and it exclaims, “Why, it has my own glory that I called God, and this little ‘I’, this misery, was all hallucination, it never existed. I was never a woman, never a man, never any of these things.”Then the soul gives up all sorrow. The lower bird was but the reflection of the one above. So we are in reality one with God, but the reflection makes us seem many, as when the one sun reflects in a million dew-drops and seems a million tiny suns. The reflection must vanish if we are to identify ourselves with our real nature which is divine. The universe itself can never be the limit of our satisfaction. That is why the robber robs, the sinner sins that are why you are learning philosophy. All have one purpose. There is no other purpose in life, save to reach this freedom. Consciously or unconsciously we are all striving for perfection. Every being must attain it. That which is in every atom, everywhere present, the essence of all things, the God of this universe-know that thou art He, know that thou art free. This is what Vedaantham teaches. It tells us that we are essentially divine. It shows us the real unity of beings, and that each one of us is God Himself manifested on earth. All of us, from the lowest worm that […]
Mathomathis would like to present article on Indian Astronomy | Astronomical Dating of Events | 103 by the author Kosla Vepa Published by Indic Studies Foundation, 948 Happy Valley Rd., Pleasanton, Ca 94566, USA. Previous article can be found here (Indian Astronomy | Astronomical Dating of Events | 108 (Vikrama Samvat | Saptarsi Tradition)) Their website can be located Indicstudies.us. The studies is also conducted by N.S. Rajaram PhD. Author’s in the volume 1 of their research start their discussion on a topic called Why are History and the Chronology Important by Kosla Vepa PhD. The Western historians have tried to identify Kanishka era with 78 CE in their attempt to deny historicity of the Salivahana saka. Professor Sengupta had considered astronomical information from two kharosthi inscriptions which refer to regnal years of Kanishka , but could not match with the 78 CE date and so he proposed his own date for the starting of the Kanishka era. The inscriptions in question are no.26 and no. 35 in the Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol. II. edited by Sten Konow. According to the inscriptions, in the eleventh year of reign of king Kanishka, on the 20th day of Asadha, it was uttaraphalguni naksatra. In the year 61, on the 8th day of caitra, the naksatra was purvasadha. Know had concluded that the full moon day was the first day of the month in these inscriptions. Sengupta correctly pointed out that there is no such Indian system in which the first day of the month is the full moon day. The months are full moon ending months and the 20th day of Asadha of the inscription would correspond to sravana sukla panchami and 8th day of caitra would correspond to caitra krsna astami. With these calendrical data, when Sengupta tried to calculate the dates based on the 78 CE as the beginning of Kanishka era, he could not quite match the data from the inscriptions. So he proposed that the Kanishka era be started from December 25 of 79 CE, nearly two years after the Salivahana saka. But, based on the list from Rajataragini, Kanishka’s date would be 1298 BCE. The eleventh and sixty-first years would be 1287 BCE and 1237 BCE respectively. Figure A shows the star map for June 23, 1287 BCE, it is sravana sukla pancami uttaraphalguni, an exact match to the inscription. Figure B shows the star map for March 1, 1237 BCE, caitra krsna astami, also an exact match to inscription no. This clearly establishes the consistency of the record in rajatarangini with the kharosthi inscriptions and hence the miss-identification of Kanishka era by the Western historians. Author Concludes as following: The real history of Bharata is preserved in its itihasa and purana texts. The Chronology is comprehensive and cogent. Simulations of the astronomical data preserved in these texts, using modern planetarium software, have attested the coherence of the chronology. From the date of the Mahabharata war, the sarpa yaga of Janamejaya, the date of Buddha, Asoka Maurya, Kanishka, Adi Sankara, the Gupta period, through the Vikrama and Salivahana sakas, the chronology exhibits a continuous flow which has been convincingly demonstrated by the simulations using planetarium software. The consistency is staggering. Many of the sticky points with ‘traditional chronology’ of the historians is simply resolved with these stimulations. There is still a large body of inscriptional data awaiting validation by simulations using the planetarium software.
In the following article, team mathomathis would showcase an information about Hopi Vedic Parallels by Prash Trivedi and understand the message of the author in the following article. Though a number of indigenous people and tribes exist all across the globe, it can be safely said that none of them have as deep an insight into the condition of Mother Earth and the wisdom to deal with it as our Hopi brothers. They are the chosen ones of the Creator as they were granted permission to hold in trust all land and life for the great Spirit at the time of emergence of the Fourth world, of the Hopis or the present age. This conclusion about the Hopi people has not been reached in haste. It has been borne out of the wisdom of ancient Indian philosophy which transcends even the starting of time and boundaries of our present Universe. According to the ancient Indian scriptures the creator “Param Brahma or Adi Purusha” created the Universe through his creative power “Adi Shakti” in a plan which comprised of three axes and several vibratory centers along these axes. Everything in the visible Universe from the smallest to biggest is made on the basis of this plan. These seven centers also exist inside the body of man as man is made in the image of the creator. The central axis in man lies along his backbone. The primordial power “Kundalini Shakti” lies in the acrum bone at the base of the spine. The awakening of this power and its journey through the seven centers is the first step in the process of self realization. Through this realization comes the wisdom to exist in harmony with Mother Nature and the capacity to realize the action-less, omnipresent, and eternal Creator. These vibratory centers also exist in the Mother earth. The Hopis also have a similar perception of the creation of the universe by the Ultimate Creator “Taiowa”. There is an idea of Mother Nature as a Spiderwoman who is responsible for the creation of these vibratory centers which echo the sound of the creator. The Hopi wisdom is also aware of the central axis and man’s axis being the backbone which controls the equilibrium of his movements and functions. The Hopi legend also talks about “Palatkwapi” or the Red House located somewhere in Central America having four stories and on the top storey there is learning of planets and stars. In this story man also learnt about the “Open Door” in the top of their heads, how to keep it open and converse with the Creator. This “Open Door” of Hopi mythology is the same as the seventh center on the central axis, and is called “Sahasrara” – the thousand petaled lotus in the Hindu scriptures. When the primordial power or the “Kundalini” is able to pass through the last center one can commune with the Creator. With time, detailed knowledge about these centers were lost among the Hopi people, but it can still be found in the holy land of India. India has time and again seen the incarnations of the Great Spirit, who have kept alive this knowledge throughout the ages. Knowledge of the ancient Indian scriptures strongly indicates that the area known as the “Four Corners”, where the Hopis have settled is an important vibratory center which will cause the emergence of the new age which is known as the Fifth World by the Hopi people. Let’s consider some facts: The Hopi believe the Creator of Man is a woman. The Sumerians believed the Creator of Man was a woman. Vedic tradition and most of the other ancient civilization believe in the feminine aspect of the creator. Vedic tradition calls her as Prakriti (Mother Nature) or Shakti (creative force responsible for weaving the web of life). Interestingly, the Hopi regard her as Spiderwoman, i.e. the one who has woven the web of life. This was the predominant thinking of most of the civilizations during the Age of Cancer, the mother sign, which lasted from around 8000B.C to 6000B.C. The Hopi believe the Father Creator is KA. The Sumerians believed the Father Essence was KA. The Vedic tradition also believes that the root of the father essence is ‘KA’ which is the first alphabet of Sanskrit, the primary language of the Vedic tradition. The Hopi believe Taiowa, the Sun God, is the Creator of the Earth. The Sumerians believe TA.EA was the Creator. The Vedic tradition also believes that the earth was born out of the Sun and has been nourished by it ever since. The Sun is seen and worshiped as the material representation of the one true God, the eternal creator provider and destroyer, in both the cultures. The Hopi believe two brothers had guardianship of the Earth. The Sumerians believed two brothers had dominion over the Earth. Almost all the cultures including the Egyptians, Mayans, Assyrians, Phoenicians, and the Jews have this concept of twin gods or brothers presiding over the affairs of the earth. This concept arises from the dual nature of the world we live in symbolized by Gemini, the sign of the twins, and worship of these twin gods was at its peak in the Age of Gemini ranging from around 4000 B.C to 2000 B.C. The Hopi believe Akush to be the Dawn Katsina. The Sumerians believed AK.U to be Beings of light. The Sanskrit word for sky, most preferably for the dawntime which is considered the most sacred time, is ‘Akash’. The Hopi name for the Pleaides is ChooChookam. The Sumerians believed SHU. SHU.KHEM were the supreme stars. Though Pleiades are significant to the Hopi people ethereal significance is given to the Great Bear or the Seven Sisters constellation. Hopi believe that they came to earth from one of the stars in the Great Bear in a big spaceship and the Vedic scriptures have detailed mythology regarding this constellation and the beings that reside there. The Hopi believe Pahana was the Lost Brother […]
Mathomathis would like to present article on Indian Astronomy | Astronomical Dating of Events | 103 by the author Kosla Vepa Published by Indic Studies Foundation, 948 Happy Valley Rd., Pleasanton, Ca 94566, USA. Previous article can be found here (Indian Astronomy | Astronomical Dating of Events | 105 (Date Of Krishna)) Their website can be located Indicstudies.us. The studies is also conducted by N.S. Rajaram PhD. Author’s in the volume 1 of their research start their discussion on a topic called Why are History and the Chronology Important by Kosla Vepa PhD. One consequence of the mix up of the names of Asokaditya of the Guptas with Asoka of the Mauryas is the misdating of Buddha. According to Puranic evidence, there had expired 1500 years after Pariksit, when Mahapadmananda was coronated. Between Pariksit and the Nandas, there were three royal dynasties, Brhadratha, Pradyota and Sisunaga families. The Nandas who ruled Magadha for 100 years, were followed by Mauryas, Sunga, Kanva and Andhras. Candragupta founded the Mauryan dynasty with the help of Canakya. His son was Bimbisara and grandson was Asokavardhana. The Maurya- s ruled for a total of 316 years and were replaced by the sunga-s. The Kanva-s who succeeded the Sunga-s were themselves supplanted by the Andhra-s, who ruled for a total of 506 years. Then followed the reign of srigupta-s for a period of 245 years. This age has been termed the ‘Golden Age’ in the history of Bharata. It is Samudragupta of the srigupta dynasty who was known as “Asokaditya Priyadarsin” The “Inscriptions of Asoka” belong to this Gupta emperor and not to Asoka Maurya , who came to power after 218 years after Buddha. Buddha was the son of King Suddhodana who was the 23rd king of the Iksvaku dynasty and Puranic-records point to 1807 BCE as the date of attaining nirvana by Buddha. Just as in the case of Krsna, it appears that his date of birth is calculated after determining the date of parinirvana (final departure). Buddha’s nirvana Kota Venkatachelam has determined that Buddha’s nirvana occurred on the vaisakha Purnima, on March 27, 1807 BCE. Simulations show that astronomically this is indeed the situation as shown in Figure A. Many other scholars also agree as to the date of Buddha’s nirvana. Support for this date is derived from an independent Buddhist source, samyutta nikaya. For about three months before his death, Buddha was staying in sravasti. During this time there occurred the winter solstice, a lunar eclipse, followed by a solar eclipse. Simulations show that the winter solstice occurred on January 5, 1807 BCE. There was a lunar eclipse on January 26, 1807 BCE, which was followed by a solar eclipse on February 10, 1807 BCE, as shown in Figures B and C. It can also be seen from Figure 18 that winter solstice occurred earlier when the Sun was near dhanis{ha (the position which corresponds to 270 degrees along the ecliptic). This is exactly as recorded in samyutta nikaya, Part I, Sugatha-Vagga, Book II, Chapter I, Devaputtasam yuttam, sutta-s 9, and 10. It is interesting to compare these simulations with the calculations of Professor Sengupta, who was trying to confirm which of the usual dates, 544 BCE or 483 BCE is to be ‘accepted’ for the event of Buddha nirvana. He found that two eclipses as mentioned in the samyutta nikaya would be possible in 560 BCE, however this would be in conflict with the dates 483 BCE and 544 BCE which have been touted as possible dates of Buddha’s nirvana. Professor Sengupta considers 544 BCE to be the better date as it is closer to 560 BCE. However, the proper conclusion should be that neither of these dates Atha kho bhagava candimaM devaputtaM arabha rahuM asurindaMgathaya ajjabhasi || thatagataM arahantaM | candima saranaM gato || rahu candaM pamu~cassu | Buddha lokanukaMpakati || SN (I. ii . 1. 9.3) || Atha kho bhagava suriaM devaputtaM arabha rahuM asurindaM gathaya ajjabhasi || thatagataM arahantaM | suriyaM saranaM gato || rahu pamu~ca suriyaM | Buddha lokanukaMpakati || SN (I. ii . 1. 10.3) || are the correct ones according to saMyutta nikaya. But, 1807 BCE is consistent with the eclipse data. It should be pointed out that a search from 1900 BCE to 400 BCE for the set of astronomical data, namely, winter solstice, lunar eclipse, solar eclipse followed by vaisakha purnima, yields about a dozen dates: 1807 BCE, 1694BCE, 1659BCE, 1564BCE, 1510BCE, 1250BCE, 1192BCE, 1138BCE, 1119BCE, 1062BCE, 1007BCE, 765BCE, 690BCE and 560BCE. If the restriction of a time limit of about three months is imposed, the last three do not qualify, leaving only the dates prior to 1000 BCE. The astronomical information is not sufficient to further narrow the possible choice. It is interesting to note that the ‘traditionally’ accepted dates, 544 BCE or 483 BCE do not fit the picture, neither do the recently revised later dates. Buddha’s Birth: This has been discussed in great detail by Kota Venkatachelam and by Vedavyas, who gives the planetary positions at the time of Buddha’s birth on March 10, 1887 BCE. (vaisakha suddha purnima, visakha naksatra). The simulations for March 10, 1887 BCE (Figure D) shows that all the planetary positions agree with those given by Vedavyas, but the naksatra is clearly citra and not visakha. The next purnima occurs at visakha on April 9, 1887 BCE, but some of the planetary positions would have changed. Thus the date given by Vedavyas cannot be confirmed using the planetarium software. It appears that the positions of the planets were calculated by Vedavyas, after obtaining the time of Buddha’s birth on the basis of Puranic, Buddhist, and Tibetan, Chinese, Ceylonese and Japanese Buddhist sources. Table below. Planetary longitudes at the time of birth of Buddha according to Vedavyas Vaisakha suddha purnima, visakha naksatra, Tuesday at 12:15 p.m. 1887 BCE Sun 4, 54′ mesa Aries Moon 28,6′ tula Libra Mars 28,24′ mina Pisces Mercury 10,30′ mina Pisces Jupiter 8,12′ Kanya Virgo Venus 23,24′ mesa Aries Saturn 16,48′ […]